Xmonad and uzbl-browser

Dienstag, 6. September 2011

Every release of Opera seems to add more bugs¹ and useless features², whereas Firefox is featureless and slow without or feature-rich and ineffable slow with Add-ons. Time for an alternative! What I want is a small browser with external configurable handlers. What I don't need is qt-bloat, a Firefox clone or something with lua in it. uzbl seems to fit, but I'm tired of learning new shortcuts for tabbing implementations. Everyone and his brother integrate tabs (terminal multiplexer, terminal, browser, editor...) but only one application should obviously manage tabs - the window manager. It turned out that my original configuration of xmonad wasn't the optimal solution. I'd like to have the following behaviour:

First workspace: keep master, switch focus to new window

+---------------+ +-----------+---+
| | | | 2 |
| | | | |
| 1 | -> | 1 | f |
| (focus) | | | o |
| | | | c |
| | | | . |
+---------------+ +-----------+---+


Second to fourth workspace: switch master and focus

+---------------+ +-----------+---+
| | | | 1 |
| | | | |
| 1 | -> | 2 | |
| (focus) | | (focus) | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
+---------------+ +-----------+---+


Fifth workspace (for browsing): keep master and focus and use tabbed layout (open new links/tabs in background)

+---------------+ +-------+-------+
+---------------+ +-------+-------+
| | | |
| 1 | -> | 1 |
| (focus) | | (focus) |
| | | |
| | | |
+---------------+ +---------------+


These are the steps that were necessary to achieve this:

1. copy xmonad-contrib-0.9.2/XMonad/Hooks/InsertPosition.hs to ./xmonad/lib/
2. apply the patch (sorry, no google account and no desire to install darcs again):

--- InsertPosition.hs
+++ InsertPositionNew.hs
@@ -16,15 +16,16 @@
 module XMonad.Hooks.InsertPosition (
     -- * Usage
     -- $usage
-    insertPosition
+    insertPosition,
+    insertPositionPerWorkspace
     ,Focus(..), Position(..)
     ) where

-import XMonad(ManageHook, MonadReader(ask))
+import XMonad(ManageHook, MonadReader(ask), WorkspaceId)
 import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
 import Control.Applicative((<$>))
 import Data.Maybe(fromMaybe)
-import Data.List(find)
+import Data.List(find,lookup)
 import Data.Monoid(Endo(Endo))

 -- $usage
@@ -44,26 +45,30 @@
 -- | insertPosition. A manage hook for placing new windows. XMonad's default is
 -- the same as using: @insertPosition Above Newer@.
 insertPosition :: Position -> Focus -> ManageHook
-insertPosition pos foc = Endo . g <$> ask
+insertPosition = insertPositionPerWorkspace []
+
+-- | Specify an insertPosition for a particular Workspace.
+insertPositionPerWorkspace :: [(WorkspaceId, (Position, Focus))] -> Position -> Focus -> ManageHook
+insertPositionPerWorkspace l pos foc = Endo . g <$> ask
   where
-    g w = viewingWs w (updateFocus w . ins w . W.delete w)
-    ins w = (\f ws -> fromMaybe id (W.focusWindow <$> W.peek ws) $ f ws) $
-        case pos of
+    g w = viewingWs w (\i -> updateFocus i w . ins i w . W.delete w)
+    ins i w = (\f ws -> fromMaybe id (W.focusWindow <$> W.peek ws) $ f ws) $
+        case fst $ fromMaybe (pos,foc) (lookup i l) of
             Master -> W.insertUp w . W.focusMaster
             End    -> insertDown w . W.modify' focusLast'
             Above  -> W.insertUp w
             Below  -> insertDown w
-    updateFocus =
-        case foc of
+    updateFocus i =
+        case snd $ fromMaybe (pos,foc) (lookup i l) of
             Older -> const id
             Newer -> W.focusWindow

 -- | Modify the StackSet when the workspace containing w is focused
-viewingWs :: (Eq a, Eq s, Eq i, Show i) =>a-> (W.StackSet i l a s sd -> W.StackSet i l a s sd)-> W.StackSet i l a s sd-> W.StackSet i l a s sd
+viewingWs :: (Eq a, Eq s, Eq i, Show i) =>a-> (i -> W.StackSet i l a s sd -> W.StackSet i l a s sd)-> W.StackSet i l a s sd-> W.StackSet i l a s sd
 viewingWs w f = do
     i <- W.tag . W.workspace . W.current
     ws <- find (elem w . W.integrate' . W.stack) . W.workspaces
-    maybe id (fmap (W.view i . f) . W.view . W.tag) ws
+    maybe id (fmap (W.view i . f i) . W.view . W.tag) ws

 -- | 'insertDown' and 'focusLast' belong in XMonad.StackSet?
 insertDown :: (Eq a) => a -> W.StackSet i l a s sd -> W.StackSet i l a s sd
 

3. reconfigure ./xmonad/xmonad.hs

add imports:

import InsertPositionNew
import XMonad.Hooks.ManageHelpers
import XMonad.Layout.PerWorkspace
 


add shortcut for uzbl-browser:

    , ((modm,               xK_u), spawn "uzbl-browser")
 


change layout hook:

myLayout =
  modWorkspaces myWorkspaces avoidStruts $
  onWorkspace "5:www" simpleTabbedAlways $
  tiled ||| Mirror tiled ||| simpleTabbedAlways ||| Full
  where
     -- default tiling algorithm partitions the screen into two panes
     tiled   = Tall nmaster delta ratio

     -- The default number of windows in the master pane
     nmaster = 1

     -- Default proportion of screen occupied by master pane
     -- ratio   = 1/2
     ratio   = 7/10

     -- Percent of screen to increment by when resizing panes
     -- delta   = 3/100
     delta   = 5/100
 


create manage hooks

myManageHookFloat = composeAll
    [ className =? "Gimp"           --> doFloat
    , className =? "MPlayer"        --> doFloat
    ,(className =? "Firefox" <&&> role =? "Manager" ) --> doFloat
    ] <+> composeOne [
      isDialog -?> doCenterFloat
    ]
    where role = stringProperty "WM_WINDOW_ROLE"

myManageHookShift = composeAll
    [ className =? "Uzbl-core"      --> doShift "5:www"
    , className =? "Firefox"        --> doShift "5:www" ]

myManageHookPosition = insertPositionPerWorkspace [("1",(Below,Newer)),("5:www",(Below,Older))] Above Newer
 


combine manage hooks and override the default config:

        manageHook         = myManageHookFloat <+> myManageHookPosition <+> myManageHookShift,
 


Done.

multiple uzbl-browser windows within xmonad tabbed layout

¹ last one: the bookmark menu needs 30s to load all bookmarks
² webserver(!), torrent- and unusable mail client
Mit der Entwicklung von dwm war ich schon eine Weile unzufrieden, Xmonad hingegen hat sich seit meinem ersten Versuch vor drei Jahren inzwischen zu einem richtigen Metafenstermanager entwickelt. Nahezu jede Funktion ist anpassbar und bereits in mehreren Varianten verfügbar, ganz ohne C schreiben oder veraltete Patches anpassen zu müssen. Sehr, sehr nett.

Die erste .xmonad/xmonad.hs - weitestgehend zusammenkopiert aus der Doku:

import XMonad
import XMonad.Actions.CopyWindow
import XMonad.Actions.DwmPromote
import XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog
import XMonad.Hooks.ManageDocks
import XMonad.Layout.Tabbed
import XMonad.Util.Run(spawnPipe)

import Data.Monoid
import System.Exit
import System.IO.UTF8

import qualified XMonad.StackSet as W
import qualified Data.Map        as M

-- The preferred terminal program, which is used in a binding below and by
-- certain contrib modules.
--
myTerminal      = "urxvtc"

-- Whether focus follows the mouse pointer.
myFocusFollowsMouse :: Bool
myFocusFollowsMouse = True

-- Width of the window border in pixels.
--
myBorderWidth   = 1

-- modMask lets you specify which modkey you want to use. The default
-- is mod1Mask ("left alt").  You may also consider using mod3Mask
-- ("right alt"), which does not conflict with emacs keybindings. The
-- "windows key" is usually mod4Mask.
--
myModMask       = mod4Mask

-- The mask for the numlock key. Numlock status is "masked" from the
-- current modifier status, so the keybindings will work with numlock on or
-- off. You may need to change this on some systems.
--
-- You can find the numlock modifier by running "xmodmap" and looking for a
-- modifier with Num_Lock bound to it:
--
-- > $ xmodmap | grep Num
-- > mod2        Num_Lock (0x4d)
--
-- Set numlockMask = 0 if you don't have a numlock key, or want to treat
-- numlock status separately.
--
myNumlockMask   = mod2Mask

-- The default number of workspaces (virtual screens) and their names.
-- By default we use numeric strings, but any string may be used as a
-- workspace name. The number of workspaces is determined by the length
-- of this list.
--
-- A tagging example:
--
-- > workspaces = ["web", "irc", "code" ] ++ map show [4..9]
--
-- myWorkspaces    = ["1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
myWorkspaces    = ["1","2","3","4","5:www","6:min"]

-- Border colors for unfocused and focused windows, respectively.
--
myNormalBorderColor  = "#dddddd"
myFocusedBorderColor = "#ff0000"

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Key bindings. Add, modify or remove key bindings here.
--
myKeys conf@(XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $

    -- launch a terminal
    [ ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_Return), spawn $ XMonad.terminal conf)

    -- launch dmenu
    , ((modm,               xK_p     ), spawn "exe=`dmenu_path | dmenu` && eval \\"exec $exe\\"")

    -- launch gmrun
    -- , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_p     ), spawn "gmrun")

    -- close focused window
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_c     ), kill)

    -- close focused window or just remove copy
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask .|. controlMask, xK_c     ), kill1)

     -- Rotate through the available layout algorithms
    , ((modm,               xK_space ), sendMessage NextLayout)

    --  Reset the layouts on the current workspace to default
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_space ), setLayout $ XMonad.layoutHook conf)

    -- Resize viewed windows to the correct size
    , ((modm,               xK_n     ), refresh)

    -- Move focus to the next window
    , ((modm,               xK_Tab   ), windows W.focusDown)

    -- Move focus to the next window
    , ((modm,               xK_j     ), windows W.focusDown)

    -- Move focus to the previous window
    , ((modm,               xK_k     ), windows W.focusUp  )

    -- Move focus to the master window
    , ((modm,               xK_m     ), windows W.focusMaster  )

    -- Swap the focused window and the master window
    , ((modm,               xK_Return), dwmpromote)

    -- Swap the focused window with the next window
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_j     ), windows W.swapDown  )

    -- Swap the focused window with the previous window
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_k     ), windows W.swapUp    )

    -- Shrink the master area
    , ((modm,               xK_h     ), sendMessage Shrink)

    -- Expand the master area
    , ((modm,               xK_l     ), sendMessage Expand)

    -- Push window back into tiling
    , ((modm,               xK_t     ), withFocused $ windows . W.sink)

    -- Increment the number of windows in the master area
    , ((modm              , xK_comma ), sendMessage (IncMasterN 1))

    -- Deincrement the number of windows in the master area
    , ((modm              , xK_period), sendMessage (IncMasterN (-1)))

    -- Toggle the status bar gap
    -- Use this binding with avoidStruts from Hooks.ManageDocks.
    -- See also the statusBar function from Hooks.DynamicLog.
    --
    , ((modm              , xK_b     ), sendMessage ToggleStruts)

    -- Quit xmonad
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_q     ), io (exitWith ExitSuccess))

    -- Restart xmonad
    , ((modm              , xK_q     ), spawn "xmonad --recompile; xmonad --restart")
    ]
    ++

    -- mod-[1..9] @@ Switch to workspace N
    -- mod-shift-[1..9] @@ Move client to workspace N
    -- mod-control-shift-[1..9] @@ Copy client to workspace N
    [((m .|. modm, k), windows $ f i)
        | (i, k) <- zip (XMonad.workspaces conf) [xK_1 .. ]
        , (f, m) <- [(W.greedyView, 0), (W.shift, shiftMask), (copy, shiftMask .|. controlMask)]]

    --
    -- mod-{w,e,r}, Switch to physical/Xinerama screens 1, 2, or 3
    -- mod-shift-{w,e,r}, Move client to screen 1, 2, or 3
    --
    -- [((m .|. modm, key), screenWorkspace sc >>= flip whenJust (windows . f))
    --     | (key, sc) <- zip [xK_w, xK_e, xK_r] [0..]
    --     , (f, m) <- [(W.view, 0), (W.shift, shiftMask)]]

    ++
    [ ((modm,               xK_o), spawn "opera -nomail -nolirc")
    , ((modm,               xK_e), spawn "claws-mail")
    , ((modm,               xK_f), spawn "firefox")
    , ((modm,               xK_g), spawn "gqview")
    , ((modm .|. shiftMask, xK_g), spawn "geany")
    , ((modm,               xK_s), spawn "urxvt -pe tabbed,matcher")
    , ((modm,               xK_less), windows $ W.greedyView "5:www")
    ]

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Mouse bindings: default actions bound to mouse events
--
myMouseBindings (XConfig {XMonad.modMask = modm}) = M.fromList $

    -- mod-button1, Set the window to floating mode and move by dragging
    [ ((modm, button1), (\w -> focus w >> mouseMoveWindow w
                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster))

    -- mod-button2, Raise the window to the top of the stack
    , ((modm, button2), (\w -> focus w >> windows W.shiftMaster))

    -- mod-button3, Set the window to floating mode and resize by dragging
    , ((modm, button3), (\w -> focus w >> mouseResizeWindow w
                                       >> windows W.shiftMaster))

    -- you may also bind events to the mouse scroll wheel (button4 and button5)
    ]

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Layouts:

-- You can specify and transform your layouts by modifying these values.
-- If you change layout bindings be sure to use 'mod-shift-space' after
-- restarting (with 'mod-q') to reset your layout state to the new
-- defaults, as xmonad preserves your old layout settings by default.
--
-- The available layouts.  Note that each layout is separated by |||,
-- which denotes layout choice.
--
myLayout = avoidStruts(tiled ||| Mirror tiled ||| simpleTabbedAlways ||| Full)
  where
     -- default tiling algorithm partitions the screen into two panes
     tiled   = Tall nmaster delta ratio

     -- The default number of windows in the master pane
     nmaster = 1

     -- Default proportion of screen occupied by master pane
     -- ratio   = 1/2
     ratio   = 7/10

     -- Percent of screen to increment by when resizing panes
     -- delta   = 3/100
     delta   = 5/100

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Window rules:

-- Execute arbitrary actions and WindowSet manipulations when managing
-- a new window. You can use this to, for example, always float a
-- particular program, or have a client always appear on a particular
-- workspace.
--
-- To find the property name associated with a program, use
-- > xprop | grep WM_CLASS
-- and click on the client you're interested in.
--
-- To match on the WM_NAME, you can use 'title' in the same way that
-- 'className' and 'resource' are used below.
--
myManageHook = composeAll
    [ className =? "Gimp"           --> doFloat
    , className =? "MPlayer"        --> doFloat
    , className =? "Opera"          --> doShift "5:www"
    ,(className =? "Firefox" <&&> resource =? "Dialog") --> doFloat ]

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Event handling

-- * EwmhDesktops users should change this to ewmhDesktopsEventHook
--
-- Defines a custom handler function for X Events. The function should
-- return (All True) if the default handler is to be run afterwards. To
-- combine event hooks use mappend or mconcat from Data.Monoid.
--
myEventHook = mempty

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Status bars and logging

-- Perform an arbitrary action on each internal state change or X event.
-- See the 'XMonad.Hooks.DynamicLog' extension for examples.
--
-- myLogHook = return ()
myLogHook h = dynamicLogWithPP $ myPP h

myPP h = defaultPP
         { ppCurrent         = wrap "^bg(#e5f9ff)^fg(#105468)" "^bg()^fg()"
         , ppVisible         = wrap "^fg(#a00000)" "^fg()"
         , ppHidden          = wrap "^fg(#ffffff)" "^fg()"
         , ppHiddenNoWindows = wrap "^fg(#7eacb9)" "^fg()"
         , ppSep             = " | "
         , ppWsSep           = "  "
         , ppTitle           = shorten 80
         , ppOrder           = workspaceTag
         , ppOutput          = System.IO.UTF8.hPutStrLn h
         }
    where workspaceTag (x:xs) = ("[ " ++ x ++ " ]") : xs

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Startup hook

-- Perform an arbitrary action each time xmonad starts or is restarted
-- with mod-q.  Used by, e.g., XMonad.Layout.PerWorkspace to initialize
-- per-workspace layout choices.
--
-- By default, do nothing.
myStartupHook = return ()

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Now run xmonad with all the defaults we set up.

-- Run xmonad with the settings you specify. No need to modify this.
--
-- main = xmonad defaults
main = do dzenh <- spawnPipe "dzen2 -p -w 1280 -ta l"
          xmonad $ defaults dzenh

-- A structure containing your configuration settings, overriding
-- fields in the default config. Any you don't override, will
-- use the defaults defined in xmonad/XMonad/Config.hs
--
-- No need to modify this.
--
defaults dzenh = defaultConfig {
      -- simple stuff
        terminal           = myTerminal,
        focusFollowsMouse  = myFocusFollowsMouse,
        borderWidth        = myBorderWidth,
        modMask            = myModMask,
        numlockMask        = myNumlockMask,
        workspaces         = myWorkspaces,
        normalBorderColor  = myNormalBorderColor,
        focusedBorderColor = myFocusedBorderColor,

      -- key bindings
        keys               = myKeys,
        mouseBindings      = myMouseBindings,

      -- hooks, layouts
        layoutHook         = myLayout,
        manageHook         = myManageHook,
        handleEventHook    = myEventHook,
        logHook            = myLogHook dzenh,
        startupHook        = myStartupHook
    }


Die .xinitrc:

xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr
urxvtd -f -o -q
exec xmonad


Der Ressourcenverbrauch ist höher, aber wenn ich dadurch schneller arbeiten kann, ist es mir egal.

PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+
40   0  6916 3628 2496 S  0.0  0.7   0:00.05 xmonad
40   0  3020 1144  940 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.01 dzen2
40   0  3132  932  808 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.11 dwm
 


Gleiches gilt für mrxvt. Ein paar Bugs nervten auf Dauer (zB. Zeichenverlust beim Ändern der Fenstergröße) und die Dämonvariante urxvtd wird dem Tiling-Konzept meiner Meinung nach besser gerecht.
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